Recovery after kidney donation

KIDNEY DONATION RECOVERY TIME

Once the kidney is removed from the donor, it is taken to the recipient, who will usually be in another hospital. Recovery time after kidney donation can take from two to 12 weeks, depending on the individual person’s progress.

After the operation is completed, the donor is taken to a recovery room where they will wake up from the anaesthetic. They will have several temporary tubes (or lines) inserted during the operation, such as a catheter to drain urine, a drainage tube from the wound, and a tube for painkillers, which are usually removed within a few days. Drugs for pain relief will be given immediately, and gradually reduced as someone recovers from the operation.

Most donors feel back to normal within six weeks, although some may need up to 12 weeks off work to recuperate. If an employer does not provide enough paid sick leave, a person can claim legitimate expenses for loss of earnings and travel expenses, usually up to a maximum of £5,000. This is at the discretion of primary care trusts or local healthcare authorities and boards, and should be discussed with the transplant coordinator at an early stage of the testing process. Any claim will need to be supported by proof of loss of income. Read our page on financial considerations to learn more about the support available.

Donors are invited back for annual check-ups soon after surgery. These may be at the transplant unit at first, but then will likely be with the GP. Other than these yearly checks, the same policies and procedures apply as they would to any other NHS patient – there is no preferential treatment for donating a kidney. However, in the extremely unlikely event that a donor needs a kidney transplant in the future, they will be offered additional priority on the waiting list within certain agreed criteria.

These symptoms do not always mean something serious, but it’s safer to get checked early so any problem can be managed quickly. 

RETURNING TO NORMAL LIFE POST-KIDNEY DONATION

Driving

There are no rules about how soon a person can start driving again, but you should check with your healthcare professionals based on your operation experience. It may also be helpful to have someone with you when you drive for the first time after your donation.

Exercise

There is a delicate balance between rest and exercise, because both are good for your recovery. It is healthy to go for a walk every day if you feel up to it, but you should be guided by your stamina and any symptoms (e.g. wound discomfort) when choosing the type and duration of exercise. You should avoid strenuous exercise and heavy lifting for eight to 12 weeks. Ensure you also have plenty of rest.

Flying on a plane

When you fly, the risk of developing a blood clot (known as deep vein thrombosis) is increased. For this reason, you are advised to wait for at least two weeks before a short-haul flight, and longer for a long-haul flight. Before you fly, you must check that it is safe for you to do so. You need to be signed off by your surgeon and ensure that all your follow-up tests are satisfactory. Speak to your unit about extra precautions (such as surgical stockings and any medications) you might need to reduce the risk of blood clots.

Sex, contraception and pregnancy

You may resume your usual sexual activity when you feel comfortable to do so and are no longer experiencing any pain. It is not advisable for women to get pregnant for three months after the operation. You may have been advised to stop taking the contraceptive pill prior to donation, so speak to your GP or a healthcare professional about when is a suitable time to resume the pill based on your own circumstances and recovery.

Can you donate blood after donating a kidney?

You can donate blood again as soon as you feel healthy and comfortable enough to do so.

Kidney Donation Recovery FAQs 

How long does it take to feel fully back to normal after donating a kidney? 

Most people feel much better within a few weeks, but occasionally it can take a few months for energy levels and strength to feel completely back to normal. Recovery is gradual and different for everyone. 

What signs during recovery should prompt me to contact my doctor? 

Contact your clinical team if you notice persistent fever, increasing pain, unusual swelling, redness around the wound, problems passing urine, or anything that feels out of the ordinary for you. 

Are there ways to manage fatigue and sleep difficulties after surgery? 

Light movement, short walks, regular rest, and keeping a steady daily routine can help. Many people find that tiredness improves week by week as their body heals. 

When is it safe to resume exercise, driving, or travel after donation? 

Most people can return to everyday tasks in stages. Light activity usually comes first, followed by driving and travel once your team confirms it is safe for you. Always follow the advice you received at discharge. 

How can I access emotional or peer support during recovery? 

Talking with your transplant team, support groups, or other donors can help you feel more confident and supported.